The Department of Telecommunications (DoT), under the Ministry of Communications, has released the National Frequency Allocation Plan 2025 (NFAP-2025), a key policy document governing the allocation and management of radio-frequency spectrum in India. The new plan will come into force from Tuesday, December 30, 2025 and will serve as the principal reference for spectrum planners, telecom service providers, and equipment manufacturers, according to a statement from the Ministry of Communications.
NFAP 2025
NFAP-2025 provides detailed allocation of radio-frequency spectrum across the range of 8.3 kHz to 3000 GHz for various radio-communication services. The plan is aligned with international standards and aims to ensure efficient, harmonised, and future-ready use of spectrum resources to support India’s growing digital and connectivity needs.
Key Enhancements in NFAP 2025
One of the major highlights of NFAP-2025 is the identification of the 6425–7125 MHz band for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT). This move significantly enhances the availability of mid-band spectrum, which is critical for the deployment and expansion of 5G, 5G Advanced, and future 6G networks.
Strengthening Satellite Communications
The plan also strengthens satellite communication capabilities by allocating Ka, Q, and V frequency bands for satellite-based services. These allocations are expected to support high-throughput Geo-Stationary Orbit (GSO) satellites as well as large Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite constellations, enabling advanced satellite broadband and connectivity solutions.
In-Flight and Maritime Connectivity (IFMC)
In addition, NFAP-2025 provides for extra spectrum to support In-Flight and Maritime Connectivity (IFMC), facilitating seamless broadband access for passengers and services in aircraft and maritime vessels. The plan also accommodates emerging technologies such as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, advanced satellite services, and expanded broadband connectivity solutions.
With these enhancements, NFAP-2025 aims to ensure that India’s spectrum management framework remains responsive to technological advancements and supports high-capacity networks.
"These enhancements will ensure that India’s spectrum management remains responsive, high-capacity, and harmonised with global standards, supporting both current and future digital innovations, which will help in enhancing development of eco-system in India," the Ministry added.
